EU Cyber Resilience Act vs NIS2 and GDPR: Key Differences
Understand where CRA, NIS2, and GDPR overlap, and where each rule is different.
Start with the CRA Compliance Guide. Improve SBOM and vulnerability workflows with SBOM Best Practices and the Vulnerability Management Guide. Explore more in the Resources hub.
Scope & covered entities
CRA targets products with digital elements. NIS2 focuses on essential and important entities. GDPR covers personal data processing. Product safety rules focus on physical harm, while CRA focuses on cybersecurity harm.
Obligations & enforcement
CRA requires secure design, vulnerability management, and transparency through SBOMs. NIS2 requires risk management and incident reporting. GDPR requires data protection and breach notifications. Penalties and enforcement differ across all three.
Practical overlaps
All three need strong governance, secure development, vulnerability disclosure, evidence trails, and timely communication. Integrated workflows help teams avoid duplicate compliance work.